Prednisone elevates blood sugar primarily through two mechanisms: increased gluconeogenesis and impaired insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance).
Gluconeogenesis is the liver’s process of creating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, like amino acids and glycerol. Prednisone stimulates this process, leading to a higher glucose supply in the bloodstream. This increase isn’t matched by an equivalent rise in insulin secretion, contributing to hyperglycemia.
Simultaneously, prednisone interferes with insulin’s action. Insulin normally helps glucose enter cells for energy. Prednisone-induced insulin resistance means cells become less responsive to insulin, further hindering glucose uptake. This, combined with increased glucose production, results in significantly higher blood sugar levels.
Managing this involves careful monitoring of blood glucose levels, potential dietary adjustments to reduce glucose intake, and in some cases, the use of supplemental insulin or other glucose-lowering medications. Your doctor can guide you on the best approach for your individual needs. Regular communication with your healthcare provider is key.
