Prednisone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, mimics the actions of cortisol, a natural steroid hormone. This similarity explains many of its side effects. Increased appetite and weight gain often occur due to altered metabolism. High blood sugar, potentially leading to diabetes, is another common metabolic consequence. Prednisone can also weaken bones, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. This effect stems from reduced calcium absorption and increased bone breakdown.
Cardiovascular Effects
Prednisone’s impact on the cardiovascular system includes increased blood pressure and fluid retention, sometimes leading to swelling in the legs and ankles. It can also increase cholesterol levels, raising the risk of heart disease. These effects are linked to the hormone’s influence on fluid balance and lipid metabolism. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and cholesterol is crucial.
Other Side Effects
Prednisone can cause thinning of the skin, making it more susceptible to bruising and infections. It can also suppress the immune system, increasing vulnerability to infections. Mood changes, including anxiety and depression, are also possible, along with insomnia. Skin changes such as acne or stretch marks may develop. Remember to consult your physician if you experience any concerning side effects.
